Abstract
Introduction:
The presence of comorbidities and longevity is associated with worse outcomes in patients with COVID-19 infection.
Materials and Methods:
retrospective study of 306 adults infected by SARSCOV2. The main objective was to evaluate the role of the ROX index as well as comorbidities according to the age group as predictors of respiratory failure and mortality. In the inferential statistical analysis, the odds ratios OR with their confidence intervals greater than 95% were used as association measures. Qualitative variables were evaluated using the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, and in the case of numerical or quantitative variables, the Student's T or Mann-Whitney test was used.
Results:
When performing the correlation between comorbidities and ROX index and accumulated mortality of the patients, it was observed that in the group of less than 1 n 89/306, (29.08%) having ROX index values of 5.42 (SD: 3.54 .- 6.5) mortality was 9%. In the group with between 1 and 4 comorbidities, n 167/306 (54.57%), the ROX index values were 4.2. (SD: 3.1-5.3) the accumulated mortality was 21%. Finally, the group with more than 4 comorbidities n 50/306, (16.33%) presented the lowest ROX index levels 2.88 (SD: 2.43-3.33) being the one that showed the highest mortality estimated at 64%. The highest mortality occurred in those over 70 years of age.
Conclusions:
The present study showed a correlation between the ROX index and longer-lived age groups, showing higher mortality in those over 70 years of age and a higher rate of comorbidities and lower ROX. Studies with larger groups are required for better validation..