Collateral History Aiding Early Dementia Diagnosis

During the pandemic, diagnosing Dementia has declined significantly by over 35%. A Collateral history refers to information obtained from individuals other than the patient, such as family members, friends, or caregivers. This information is often crucial and can provide valuable insights into a patient's medical history, symptoms, behaviours, and social circumstances. Studies have proven a collateral history can enhance medical assessment, improve treatment planning, aids safety concerns and act as a diagnostic aid. By obtaining information from multiple sources, Doctors can compare the patient's account with the observations and experiences of others. This can help in corroborating or identifying discrepancies, leading to a more accurate diagnosis. 

A convenient sample of 20 patients investigating the benefit of a collateral history using it as enhanced information to aid diagnosis of dementia earlier, and in turn, commencing treatment earlier.  

Results showed the collateral history provided more information enabling diagnosis of a delirium or a diagnosis of dementia. If it appeared the diagnosis was dementia, the information was relayed in a multiple disciplinary approach and with multidisciplinary agreement, treatment commenced. 

Early diagnosis of dementia is crucial as it allows for timely intervention, better disease management, and improved quality of life for both patients and their families. Collateral history aids in this process by capturing subtle changes in cognition and behaviour that may not be evident during routine clinical assessments. It provides a broader perspective on the patient's functioning over time and helps differentiate between normal aging and pathological cognitive decline. 

It is important to consider the collateral history limitations as a tool and use it in conjunction with other diagnostic tools to ensure an accurate and comprehensive evaluation.